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Contents 1 What is a Preposition? 1.1 What is Propositional (Symbolic) Logic 1.2 What is Predicate (Prepositional) Logic 2 The Quran and Propositional Logic - Quran 4:3 3 Conclusion 4 Trivia

[edit] What is a Preposition?

A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition. A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples:

• The book is on the table.

• The book is beneath the table.

• The book is leaning against the table.

• The book is beside the table.

• She held the book over the table.

• She read the book during class.

In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time. [1]

[edit] What is Propositional (Symbolic) Logic

A statement that affirms or denies something using formal Symbolic language. The affirmation is often an inference of a fact based on pre-existing prepositions (Assumptions).

The most common Symbols used are:

• Conjunctive Symbol: AND
• Disjunctive Symbol: OR
• Implication Symbol: THEN

[edit] What is Predicate (Prepositional) Logic

A subset of Propositional Logic. When you make an Assumption (a predicate or a preposition) and infer new Predicates out of existing predicates.

• If I say: "Take the Orange AND the Apple", then I mean take both the Apple and the Orange.
• If I say: "Take the Orange OR the Apple", then I mean take one or the other or Both.
• If I say: "Take the Orange THEN the Apple", then I mean take both, but take the Orange first, or take the Apple last.

[edit] The Quran and Propositional Logic - Quran 4:3

How does the Quran handle predicates? Surely if it is the Gramatically perfect miracle that Muslims claim it is, then it should not have logic errors in it, should it? Let's start by looking at Qur'an 4:3.

• Yusuf Ali and Pikhtal are both using "OR". Shakir is using "AND".
• Unfortunately for Muslims, The Arabic version is using "AND".
• As we can see the transliteration of 4:3 is using the Conjuntive Symbol Wa (and).
• Thus this verse is telling Muslim men that they can marry Two AND Three AND Four women,
• A Better verse should be using the Disjunctive Symbol Aw (or); "Marry Two OR Three OR Four."
• The Quran challenge to write a 'better verse' had just been met. If we were to re-write 4:3 and correct the logic mistake; then we will have met the challenge.
• Symbol Used: Wa - And
• Correct Symbol: Aw - Or

[edit] Conclusion

• It is a common occurence to find propositional errors in the writing of humans; we all make mistakes;
• but the Quran should contain no such errors.*

These types of errors can be readily used against the perfection of the Quran.

• They can be used against anyone challenging you to present a better verse.
• This is a major problem that Muslims face. They claim the Quran is exactly the same as the day it was revealed; every sentence, every letter. Because of this, they cannot escape the grammatical and factual errors of the Arabic Quran.
• Muslims can play with English translations all they like; but the Arabic testifies to the mistakes of Allah; and proves the claim of a "perfect Revelation" to be false.

[edit] Trivia

• Another verse with bad predicate logic is 4:34:

• Can you find the 2 logical mistakes? If you find them, PM me, Baal at the Faith Freedom.org Forum

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